Neurodegenerative Diseases: Current Research

Commentary: Neuroinflammation: An Overview of Neurodegenerative, Metabolic Diseases and Biotechnological Studies

Lincoln Takashi Hota Mukoyama¹, Ana Paula de Araújo Boleti¹ and Ludovico Migliolo*^1,2,3

¹S-InovaBiotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, 79117-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
²Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
³Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil

Abstract

Neuroinflammation is a factor contributing to cognitive impairment and neurodegenerative and metabolic diseases.
These diseases are characterized by progressive injury of neuron cells, and loss of motor or cognitive functions.
Microglia, which are the resident macrophages in the brain, play an important role in both physiological and pathological
conditions. In this commentary, we provide a brief discussion of the main points covered in the review “Neuroinflammation:
an overview of neurodegenerative, metabolic diseases and biotechnological studies”. We approach to how the oxidative
stress and metabolic disease induce pathological mechanisms of activation of the microglial cells and consequently release
cytotoxins, increasing to the neurodegenerative process. New insights into therapeutics bioinspired by neuropeptides
from venomous animals, supporting high throughput drug screening in the near future was also shown by the authors.

Keywords:

microglia, inflammation, animal toxin, animal models of neurodegenerative disease